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Summary With the aim of comparing the primary structures of gene products coded for by T-even bacteriophages we constructed clone libraries of the DNAs of bacteriophages T2 and T6. Using hybrid M13 phages carrying the gene for the T4-coded -glucosyl transferase (gt) we isolated corresponding T2 and T6 clones. The nucleotide sequences of the three gt genes and the amino acid sequences derived were compared. The differences between the genes and their products are discussed in terms of structure, function and evolutionary aspects.Abbreviations bp
base pair
- gt
glucosyl transferase
- HMC
5-hydroxymethyl cytosine
- orf
open reading frame
- Xgal
5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl--d-galactoside 相似文献
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In protein folding the term plasticity refers to the number of alternative folding pathways encountered in response to free energy perturbations such as those induced by mutation. Here we explore the relation between folding plasticity and a gross, generic feature of the native geometry, namely, the relative number of local and non-local native contacts. The results from our study, which is based on Monte Carlo simulations of simple lattice proteins, show that folding to a structure that is rich in local contacts is considerably more plastic than folding to a native geometry characterized by having a very large number of long-range contacts (i.e., contacts between amino acids that are separated by more than 12 units of backbone distance). The smaller folding plasticity of native geometries is probably a direct consequence of their higher folding cooperativity that renders the folding reaction more robust against single- and multiple-point mutations. 相似文献
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植物数量性状遗传体系检测中回交或自交家系重复试验数据的分析方法 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
为提高主基因 多基因混合遗传分析的精度 ,降低试验误差 ,采用重复内分组随机区组设计 ,对低遗传力性状的B1∶2 和B2∶2 或F2∶3 家系平均数资料进行遗传分析。通过AIC准则和适合性检验比较无主基因 (A - 0 )、1对主基因 (A)、2对主基因 (B)、多基因 (C)、1对主基因 多基因 (D)和 2对主基因 多基因 (E)模型以鉴定其遗传模式。采用IECM算法估计混合模型参数。通过油菜HSTC14×宁油 7号初花期F2∶3 家系平均数资料阐明该方法。 相似文献
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数量性状主基因+多基因混合遗传分析中鉴定多基因存在的IECM算法 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
为了进行2对主基因+多基因混合遗传分析中的主基因存在的鉴定和多基因存在的鉴定以及多世代的联合遗传分析的分布参数估计,在ECM算法和剖分成分分布方差为主基因变异组分、多基因变异组分和误差变异组分三部分基础上,提出了计算简便的迭代ECM算法,简称IECM算法,以利用 P_1、F_1、P_2和 F_(2:3)家系世代鉴定多基因存在为例阐明该算法.它的 CM步包含迭代CM_1、迭代CM_2和迭代CM_3步,在固定其它参数的情况下分别求分布平均数、多基因方差组分和误差方差的极大似然估计.通过1138-2x邳县天鹅蛋杂交组合的P_1、P_2、F_1和F_(2:3)家系群体研究了大豆豆秆黑潜蝇的遗传规律.结果表明,它受 1对主基因的控制并有多基因的修饰. 相似文献
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An improved method for protoplast formation and its application in the fusion of Rhodotorula rubra with Saccharomyces cerevisiae 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Protoplasts from various strains of red-pigmented yeasts were generated at high frequency using improved procedures. The use of sulphur-containing amino acids and 2-deoxyglucose in growth media led to impaired cell wall synthesis and rendered cells very susceptible to treatment with mercapto-ethanol and various lytic enzymes. Use of individual lytic enzymes separately resulted in relatively low frequencies of protoplasts from most of the red yeasts examined, whilst use of -glucoronidase, Novozyme and Zymolyase in series markedly increased stable protoplast formation. The latter effects were shown to be strain specific. The ability to generate large numbers of red yeast protoplasts prompted the attempt to examine intergeneric fusion between auxotrophs of a strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Rhodotorula rubra. Putative hybrids were selected as variously-pigmented prototrophic colonies growing on minimal medium and stabilised by subculturing on the latter medium. Unusual cream, orange and yellow hybrid colonies were generated, composed of cells of varying morphologies (chains, multibudded). The majority of stable hybrids contained one nucleus, although several heterokaryons were also observed. Some hybrids possessed the phenotypes of both parents: fusant wcat41 grew as rapidly as the S. cerevisiae parent but also contained an inducible phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) which appeared to be more active than that of the Rhodotorula parent. 相似文献
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利用P1、F1、P2、F2和F2:3家系五世代联合分离分析的拓展 总被引:12,自引:1,他引:11
在王建康等[3]的基础上拓展了利用P1、F1、P2、F2和F2:3家系5群体的2对主基因(B)和2对主基因 多基因(E)2类模型,为使拓展模型成为可能并提高分布参数估计值的精度,用IECM算法估计样本似然函数分布参数,通过重新分析3个大豆杂交组合抗豆秆黑潜蝇主茎虫量遗传资料证实了通过孟德尔氏遗传分析法所获得的结果,并得到存在多基因的统计学依据。 相似文献
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Summary A method which allows the repeated use of a single selectable marker in DNA transformations was demonstrated. This marker regeneration method employed portions of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2 m circle plasmid: the inverted repeat sequences (FRTs), and the FLP gene whose product, a site-specific recombinase, catalyzes recombination events between FRTs. When FRTs were oriented as direct repeats and integrated into the genome of the yeast Pichia pastoris, FLP-mediated recombination resulted in the efficient and precise deletion of DNA located between the repeats. In the example described, the S. cerevisiae ARG4 gene, placed between a set of FRTs and integrated into Pichia in a prior transformation, was deleted by FLP, thereby regenerating an arginine-requiring phenotype in the P. pastoris strain. 相似文献